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The BBC's Richard Taylor tests the new Apple iPhone 5S and 5C smartphones
Apple has unveiled two new handsets: the top-end iPhone 5S and a cheaper iPhone 5C at an event in California.
The 5S introduces a fingerprint sensor built into the phone's main button to identify the user. The 5C comes with a plastic back in a choice of colours.
It marks a change of strategy for Apple which had not launched two distinct types of handset at the same time before.
The iPhone is the firm's most important product in terms of earnings power.
The new fingerprint system can be used to unlock the 5S and provide authentication for purchases from Apple's online marketplace.
One analyst suggested the feature would help the handset stand out against its Android rivals.
"Touch ID is actually quite an elegant solution to an ever more significant problem: namely, the theft of mobile devices and, perhaps even more critically, the information stored on those devices," said Windsor Holden from the tech consultancy Juniper Research.
"Many people haven't yet bothered to implement any kind of security solution on their handsets and for those who have, securing handsets with Pin authorisations can be quite a time-consuming process."
However, Apple is not the first phone company to offer such a fingerprint reader.
For all the usual superlatives about the amazing capabilities of its new phones, today's Apple event was more about new markets than new technology.
True, the iPhone 5S does have one major innovation in the fingerprint sensor, a security feature which may help make consumers more confident in banking and shopping online.
Under the bonnet, it may also prove to be the fastest smartphone on the market - for a few months until the game of leapfrog continues. But in appearance - unless you go for the gold version - you would be hard put to differentiate it from the previous model.
But the big and risky move is the arrival of the cheaper, more plasticky and colourful iPhone 5C. Apple's has been so successful in burnishing the iPhone's luxury brand and thereby keeping its margins sky-high that it may well qualify as the most profitable single product ever made.
If the kind of people who have always traded up to the top-of-the-range new iPhone opt instead for the cheaper version, that will eat into Apple's profits. But Tim Cook and his colleagues are betting that this product will instead widen the appeal of the phone.
In particular, it is China where the prize is huge. Chinese consumers seem to admire the iPhone, but what they buy is Android phones in huge numbers, with Samsung and the home-grown Xiaomi both very popular.
Now Apple, which has seen its market share dwindle over the last year, will hope that it can make a bigger dent in what is the world's biggest mobile phone market.
What it hasn't done is anything much to surprise and excite either investors or the wider world. Under Tim Cook, Apple is still waiting for a "wow" moment to give it new momentum.
Motorola added the facility to its Atrix handset in 2011, but many owners had problems using it. The feature is not included in the Google-owned business' latest models.
The new handsets are compatible with the radio frequencies used by O2 and Vodafone's new 4G services in the UK. The only 4G network the old iPhone 5 could use was EE's.
'Not cheap'The 5S' Sim-free price ranges from £549 for a 16 gigabyte version to £709 for a 64GB model.
The basic 5C model, with 16 gigabytes of storage, has been priced Sim-free at £469. That is more than UK retailers had been charging for the 4S with the same amount of memory.
"The 5C is far from being 'cheap' as the iPhone 4S [which now costs £349] continues in that role," remarked Ben Wood from tech advisors CCS Insight.
There had been speculation that the 4S was going to be phased out.
The new iPhones go on sale in the US, UK, China, Australia and Canada among other countries on 20 September. It marks the first time China has been included in the initial wave of sales.
China slowdownIts most recent financial report said the iPhone product line accounted for $18.2bn (£11.6bn) of sales in the April-to-June quarter. That figure, which did not include downloads from its App Store, represented just over 50% of Apple's total revenue for the period.
However, while the number of iPhones sold was 20% up on the previous year, the company has been losing market share.
iPhones accounted for 13% of global smartphone shipments in the second quarter, according to research firm IDC, down from 17% for the same period a year earlier.
In contrast Android's share has grown from 69% to 79%.
| UK | US | China | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Based on smartphone shipments over first half of 2013 (Source: IDC) | |||
| Android | 57.3% | 52.9% | 88.4% |
| iOS | 28.2% | 42.6% | 8.0% |
| Windows Phone | 5.3% | 2.8% | 2.0% |
| Blackberry | 9.3% | 1.7% | 0.1% |
Investors have been particularly concerned about Apple's performance in China.
At the start of 2013, chief executive Tim Cook predicted the country would eventually become Apple's biggest market.
But the company's latest results showed sales in China and Taiwan were 14% lower in the April-to-June quarter than the previous year. That was despite the fact it saw 12% growth for the same period in the US.
"The cheaper iPhone is critical for expanding the addressable market, because many people in China and elsewhere simply can't afford to buy a current generation [top-end] iPhone, especially when it's not subsidised," said Jan Dawson, chief telecoms analyst at the consultancy Ovum.
"However, the key risk for Apple in launching a cheaper iPhone is that it may cannibalise sales of the high-end phone.
"That would exacerbate a problem Apple's had for the last few quarters, as average selling prices for iPhones have fallen from $608 to $581 in the past year. That in turn squeezes margins and it's only likely to get worse with a cheaper iPhone."
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Rory examines how the new iPhones might help Apple prosper in China
The 5S features Apple's new faster A7 processor and adds a chip that continuously monitors motion, providing data for fitness apps.
Apple has also made efforts to improve the phone's photography capabilities over the previous generation.
It said it had included a 15% bigger sensor, which should help the device cope with low-light situations. The handset also has two LED flashes providing different types of light. They can be combined to help improve colour balance.
The firm has also included automatic image stabilisation to prevent shots being ruined by shaky hands, and the ability to shoot video at 120 frames per second so that it can be used to create a smooth slow-motion effect.
However, it has not boosted the resolution above 8 megapixels. Apple said using "bigger pixels makes a better picture".
But the decision will limit owners' ability to digitally zoom into the view in front of them or to crop photos after they are taken.
High-end camera features are a way smartphone-makers have sought to distinguish themselves with Sony and Nokia among recent firms to have claimed their mobiles create the best images.
The 5C retains the A6 processor and most of the other specifications of the old iPhone 5 but has a higher capacity battery.
The new devices will include copies of Apple's word processing, spreadsheet, presentation and video editing apps which had previously cost extra.
Apple also revealed the revamped mobile operating system, iOS 7, would be available to download for use on the earlier iPhone 5 and 4S models as well as some iPads from 18 September.
But there was no mention of an NFC (near field communication) chip being included in either new device. The technology can be used to make payments in high street stores and to easily link phones to speakers and other gadgets. It is a common feature in rivals' handsets.
Apple's shares fell following the announcements and closed 2.3% below their opening price.
| Device | Vital information | What the experts say |
|---|---|---|
| Apple iPhone 5S  |
Full specification | "We watched the fingerprint sensor unlock the phone quickly and easily but presumably these were ideal conditions... Apple has clearly put more effort into this sensor than the failures we've seen on some Android phones — but we can't vouch for it until we've tried it ourselves." The Verge |
| Samsung Galaxy S4  |
Full specification | "On the plus side, it has better battery life, the same smooth performance and a beautiful display... but we can't help but think of one word to describe Samsung's particular flagship entry: predictable." Engadget |
| HTC One  |
Full specification | "I'm a sucker for beautiful hardware, and this device is one of the best-designed smartphones I've ever used... the problem lies with the camera. Maybe I'm in the minority when I say I care about the quality of my cellphone images, but I do, and the One just doesn't deliver." The Verge |
| Moto X (not available in UK)  |
Full specification | "If only the camera were better and Motorola's apps were a little sharper, we'd give it a no holds barred recommendation. As it is now, the Moto X deserves to be in the conversation when discussing the best Android has to offer, but a few key flaws keep it from being called an excellent phone." Techradar |
| Nokia Lumia 1020  |
Full specification | "A niche device, the Lumia 1020 is $100 pricier than most high-end smartphones. The lens makes it a little bulky... Avid mobile photographers will love the Nokia Lumia 1020's exact controls, but casual users should stick to cheaper camera phones." Cnet |
| LG G2  |
Full specification | "The LG G2 has lots of worthy features and is an excellent upgrade of its Optimus G predecessor. The only thing that bothers us is the lack of memory expansion at a time when more and more manufacturers are favouring the return of the microSD card slot." GSM Arena |
| Sony Xperia Z1  |
Full specification | "Small and cute it certainly isn't, the Sony Xperia Z1 is the Tonka Truck of flagship smartphones. But it's tough, chunky and exceptionally well made, and its camera is seriously promising." Trusted Reviews |
| Blackberry Z10  |
Full specification | "Does it match the features and opportunities for tinkering of Android? No. Does it match the quality and quantity of apps available for the iPhone? No. But BlackBerry 10's innovative features - from its superb keyboard to the fantastic TimeShift [photo editing tool] - have got us excited." Stuff magazine |
| Huawei Ascend P6  |
Full specification | "It's got good looks, runs well and it feels well built. Yes, there are some really minor niggles, like that daft headphone cover/pin, among some more major issues such as the limited battery life - but we still rather like the phone when it's in full swing." Pocket-lint |
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